Революция и музеи. Судьбы московских древневосточных коллекций (1910–1930 гг.) - Ольга Владимировна Томашевич Страница 115

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Согласно воспоминаниям его сына Ионы, дошедшим в пересказах его жены Надежды Бенуа-Устиновой и их сына, сэра Питера Устинова (Benois-Ustinov 1973; Ustinov 1978; Ustinov 1979), Платон Устинов около времени начала Первой мировой войны ходатайствовал перед императором Николаем II о том, чтобы ему было дано право вернуться в Россию и, получив согласие, решил, что его коллекция должна попасть в Россию, после чего направил ее туда и сам отбыл в Россию с женой и дочерью, однако и они, и коллекция на какое-то время остались в Скандинавии, и в итоге он с женой и дочерью попали в Россию, а коллекция оказалась проданной в Скандинавии. Некоторые следы этих событий остались отражены в европейских источниках, суммированных в упомянутых выше публикациях XXI в., стремящихся сопрячь данные этих источников с сообщениями названных воспоминаний. Однако многие точные детали движения коллекции Устинова до сих пор неясны, частично потому, что авторы этих публикаций не вполне точно пересказывают указанные воспоминания, частью потому, что сами воспоминания Н. Бенуа-Устиновой и Питера Устинова в ряде подробностей противоречат друг другу и исторической реальности, как нередко бывает с пересказами семейных легенд (см. подробнее ниже). – Прим. авт.

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«The departure from Jaffa for London is described in the autobiography written by his grandson, the famous British actor Sir Peter Ustinov: ʽhe packed up his belongings, including his enviable collection of Greek, Roman and Egyptian antiquities and the last remaining suitcases full of moneyʼ. These events undoubtedly influenced why Ustinow sought to sell his collections to several well-established European museums. After negotiating with the British Museum without success, he moved on to Paris and Berlin, and offered the collections to possible buyers, but the attempts failed. He then decided to dispatch his collection to Russia after having been granted special permission to return by Tsar Nicholas II, although the precise details surrounding the movement of the Ustinow collection are still unclear.

However, having been stored in crates between 1913 and 1917, the collection was sold at some point when the Baron travelled from Stockholm to Saint Petersburg. Since the artefacts ended up in Norway, it is reasonable to presume that it never arrived in Russia. Therefore, the information provided by his family and other similar narratives demonstrates that the status of archaeological objects at Ustinow’s time was yet to be defined. On the one hand, they were understood as commodities, and on the other, as collectable artefacts of academic interest» (Kark, Lundgren, Berczelly 2021: 6–7) (Пер. наш. – Авт.).

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Вместо этого имени в статье О. Шая упоминается издатель Х. Ариксен (H. Arichsen).

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См. ниже о неточности этого указания, как и всех остальных «точных» дат смерти П. Г. Устинова (1917, 1918, 1919), появляющихся в литературе и СМИ. Согласно другим источникам, П. Г. Устинов умер в 1918 г. – Прим. авт.

В метрических книгах лютеранского прихода Св. Якова во Пскове за 1916–1924 гг. (ЭИА. Ф. 5367. Оп. 1. Д. 15, 16) запись о смерти П. Г. Устинова не обнаружена.

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Согласно сведениям О. Шая – около 1800 предметов. Остальные предметы оказались в самых разных музеях мира – the British Museum in London, the Louvre Museum in Paris, the National Museum in Stockholm, the National Gallery in Oslo, the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen, the Museum of Antiquities (Jaffa museum) in Tel Aviv, the Royal Kingdom in Addis Ababa, the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, and in numerous private collections (Shay 2009: 454).

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«Realising that a profit could be made by selling ancient Palestinian heritage to foreign buyers, Ustinow met the demands of a growing Western interest in cultural objects. He first tried to sell his collection to the British Museum, but when he could not obtain a satisfactory offer, he tried the Louvre in Paris. After these failed attempts, Ustinow’s collection of antiquities was bought by three Norwegians and moved to Christiana (today’s Oslo). In 1917 British-Norwegian businessman Karl Fredrik Knudsen, banker Johannes SejerstedBødtker and lawyer Arnold Ræstad apparently met with Ustinow as he travelled from Stockholm to Saint Petersburg to conclude the transaction. By 1918 the cultural objects were auctioned off. Of 1521 items, 420 were purchased by private individuals. The remaining artefacts were either lost or donated to other cultural institutions. As far as we know, Plato Ustinow never knew what became of his collection of antiquities; he died from starvation during the siege of Pskov in 1920. 47 Since 1940 the Ustinow collection has frequently been moved around between various repositories. At present, a large part of the collection is kept in storage at the University of Oslo. However, a few selected items are on show in current exhibitions at the Museum of Cultural History attesting to the importance and relevance of the Ustinowcollections of antiquities» (Kark, Lundgren, Berczelly 2021: 15–16) (Пер. наш. – Авт.).

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Shay 2009: 453.

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«Renewed longings for Russia, his old homeland, urged the Baron to ask the Russian Tsar for forgiveness and receive permission to return to Russia. Additionally, he made an announcement about his decision to donate his archeological collection to his homeland. Permission was granted, the Baron sent the collection to Russia and intended to return there, but as a result of the beginning of the First World War, the collection remained stuck in Stockholm, unable to continue on to Russia. (…) On the eve of The First World War, the Ustinow collection was transferred overseas, and after having been stored in Stockholm, was transferred to Norway. (…) Towards the end of the First World War Ustinow brought the collection to Christiana, the capital of Norway at the time, where the collection was offered for sale in auction at the end of 1918. This sale was held in showrooms which belonged to an art and